COMPARATIVE MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF WOOD AND AFTER CARBONIZATION IN SEVERAL TEMPERATURES OF FOUR COMMERCIAL SPECIES FOR IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES
06 - Charcoal
1 RICARDO MARQUES BARREIROS, 1 JULIANO SOUZA VASCONCELOS, 1 GUSTAVO RIBEIRO PAES
1 UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO
The knowledge of the anatomical characteristics of charred wood may be as important as that of in natura wood, when the purpose is to inspect the illegal trade of charcoal or even the need for an expertise due to fire in some building. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the anatomy of in natura wood with that of carbonized wood at various temperatures, in order to discover the temperature that still maintains the original anatomical structure, being species of different densities. For this study, the following species were used: Cumaru (Dipterix sp.), Jatobá (Hymenaea sp.), Grevillea (Grevillea robusta) and Cedro (Cedrela sp.). The treatments applied were: Control, 350 ºC, 400 ºC and 450 ºC. The specimens were obtained from wood of the Campus of Itapeva - Unesp, because the species were scientifically identified and had the shape of a cube, with dimensions of 20 x 20 x 20 mm, whose faces were oriented in the anatomical planes of cross section, tangential and radial. The samples passed through a series of sands, from grana 80 to 1500, and were then observed under a 10-magnifying microscope and photographed with a camera attached to it. They were then oven dried at 100 ° C and 200 ° C, wrapped in foil and carbonized in the muffle oven at a heating rate until they reached each of the set temperatures, hours. Then the muffle was turned off and remained closed until cool. There, new images of the carbonized wood were obtained, which were compared among the treatments. It was possible to qualitatively compare the cellular structures, such as, for example, arrangement and grouping of vessels, axial parenchyma, vascular lines, radial parenchyma and ray stratification, as well as quantitative data such as mass loss.
Keywords: identification of wood; identification of charcoal; anatomy of wood
