CHARACTERIZATION OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS OIL
02 - Biodiesel
1 MAGHNOM HENRIQUE MELO, 1 LUIZ CLÁUDIO GARCIA, 1 MARIA ELENA PAYRET ARRÚA, 1 PEDRO HENRIQUE WEIRICH NETO, 1 EDUARDO LEBARBENCHON DE MIRANDA
1 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA
Concerned about the emission of polluting gases and the probable global warming, Brazil has recently adopted politics of the using biodiesel in mixture with petrodiesel. For the production of biodiesel the main raw material used is soybean oil. One of the largest producers and exporters of soybeans is Brazil, that cultivates countless genotypes under different edaphoclimatic conditions. Unfortunately, the development of this culture has always considered quantitative aspects. Aiming to change this scenario, the objective was to qualify the oil of the 12 soybean cultivars aiming for biodiesel production. The oil content and protein content of the grains were evaluted. The acidity index and saponification index of oil were evaluated. The cultivars were sown in December 2016 in field condition (-25.093056, -50.063327 UTM), in soil with medium texture, climate, according to Köppen, Cfb. The design used was randomized blocks with three replicates. The oil content of the grains presented difference, staying between 150 and 200 g kg-1 of the total grain mass. The acidity index varied between treatments, for example, the cultivar 5959 presented high values (15 mg KOH g-1 of oil), relative to cultivar 2606 (1,7 mg KOH g-1 of oil). The higher the acidity index of an oil, the higher the acidity of the biodiesel obtained, and it may even render unviable biodiesel. Therefore, it is expected to contribute scientifically to the technological discussion on the qualification of soybean cultivars in order to better the exploitation of the oil in the biofuels chain.
Keywords: biodiesel; oil content; acidity index.
